Are you curious about underwater birth and why the international incidence is rising? Come learn about factors contributing to increased use of hydrotherapy during labor and birth, including physiologic and psychological benefits of the practice. Associated maternal and neonatal risks will be discussed, as will relevant physiology and pain theory. See footage of underwater birth and hear recommendations for practice. The presenter’s clinical experience and doctoral research on perinatal optimality and biophysical outcomes of labor and birth in water will be incorporated throughout.